Individual Analysis Of Marks Spencer Marketing Essay

Individual Analysis Of Marks Spencer Marketing Essay Nowadays, consumers buying behaviour and wants changed rapidly. It is vital for an organization to segment their market in order to meets the needs and wants of all ranges of the consumers in this competitive market. Market is a place where potential buyers and sellers gathered in order to exchange their goods. (Kotler, et al., 2004, pp.14). Market segmentation is to divide a market into direct groups which consist of buyers that might require separate products or marketing mixes and classified customers with different needs, characteristics or behavior into groups. (Kotler, et al., 2004, pp.344). It includes geographical segmentation, demographic segmentation, psychographic segmentation and behavioral segmentation. Geographical segmentation classified the market into different geographical units, for example, nations, regions, states, municipalities, cities or neighbourhoods. (Kotler, et al., 2004, pp.345). For instance, a company can operate in one, few or all areas but only focus to local variations. Demographic segmentation Demographic segmentation divide the market into groups on the basic variables such as age, family size, family life cycle, gender, income, occupation, education, religion, race, generation, nationality, and social class. Demographic segmentation is often be used to distinguish the customer groups because it often associated with the customers needs, wants, usage rates, product and brand preferences. Psychographic segmentation Psychographic segmentation divided market into different groups of buyers based on their socioeconomic status, lifestyle and personality characteristic. (Kotler, et al., 2004, pp.348). Socioeconomic status is the strong effect on preferences of buyers in the product. Lifestyle is a way of life or style of living of a person that will reflect the products they choose to buy. Personality is where a product is designed based on the personality of the consumer. Behavioural segmentation Behavioural segmentation divides the buyers into groups which based on their knowledge, attitude and responses towards the product. (Kotler, et al., 2004, pp.349). It also can based on the occasion segmentation and benefit segmentation. The Perfect and Classic ranges The Perfect and Classic ranges are in the psychographic segmentation because it is based on the consumers socioeconomic, lifestyle, and personality. For instance, it is based on classically stylish mature customers who are in a busy lifestyle but look for quality products in a value reasonable price. Besides, it also aimed on consumers which look for timeless collection and smart and elegant clothes. The Autograph range The Autograph range is in geographical segmentation by launched in spring / summer 2000 range at selected stores only. It also launched the hat collection in nationwide which classified the market into nations. Besides, it also in the range of demographic segmentation in terms of gender and by recruited top designers to create women wear and menswear. per una range Per una is using demographic segmentation in its market. It divided the market in age, gender and income. For instance, it target on the customer in the age between 25 and 35 which is fashion- conscious women. Besides, it also in superb design at competitive price and 10 per cent more expensive than M S other main range which aimed at the customers that have upper medium to high income level to purchase for its products. Besides, it also based on behavioural segmentation by divide the customers based on their response toward the product. For instance, the speed of reaction the customers will reflect the good from design concept to be faster shop rails in weeks but not in months. Conclusion As a result, Marks Spencer had segmented its three sub brands into different kinds of segmentation which can gather the potential buyers with different characteristic to purchase their goods according to their preferences. This will helps to target different customers from all over the region to increase the sales volume and profitability and at the same time understand the customers needs, wants and taste that will help in the production line. Question 2 Introduction Marks Spencer (M S) garments had segmented its womens wear into number of ranges and sub brands in order to appeal a different lifestyles to target the market. It includes The Perfect Collection, The Classic Collection, The Autograph and per una. Order winners Order winners is the things that directly and significant contribute to the winning business. Order-winning factor is the arrangement of resources which are applied to the production and the delivery of products and services. (Slack, et al., 2007, pp. 69). It is also the features which are unique and distinctive compared to other similar product ranges as to retain existing customer patronage as well as to attract new customers and brand switches. Qualifiers Qualifiers is the aspects of competitiveness where the performance of the operation has to be above the level considered by the customer. (Slack, et al., 2007, pp. 69). It also a product features that are usually present in other similar competitive brands. It means that existing customers needs will remain satisfied where they need not switch to other brand but at the same time it hold no unique features to attract new customers. Features The features of Perfect collection garments is based on classically stylish which is focused on basics and machine washable, non-iron and tumble-dry friendly which aimed at customer who are busy and look for quality and value garments on a reasonable price. Besides, it is a timeless essentials where customers can just wear it with anything. Whereas, the Classic collection garments is focus on more mature customer which concentrated on design, comfort, long-lasting, smart, elegant clothes and versatility which made from high quality fabrics at value-for-money prices. It is designed for skim and flatter the natural body shape of the customers. It is a timeless collection that reflects customers style and finesses. Autograph range is available in selected stores and which is designed by top designers. It includes women wears, men wears and accessories. Autograph range is sell on high street price with limited pieces on each item launched. Per una is targeted on fashion-conscious women between the aged of 25-35 and the size of 8-18. It provides a superb design at affordable price. It also comes with latest trends, limited editions and exclusive design with no repetition which stands 10% more expensive in M S main range. Customers expectation The customer who is smartly dressed would expect the availability of their size, price and quality for the standard items in M S. They prefer the garments which is easy to clean. As for the fashionably dressed lady would expect the availability of bigger sizes in the store with reasonable quality and the colour of the garments must not be fade or shrink when washed. This customer is more focus on availability of size rather than the variety of colour shades. As for premium items, the customers who is smartly dressed would expect limited design clothes which is exclusively designed with high quality and long lasting. Besides, the customers who is fashionably dressed would focus much on design rather than quality and unlikely to purchase high fashion item unless it is a impulse purchase which its expect to wear for only a few times before replacing it. The Perfect and Classic ranges Order winners The order winners of Perfect and Classic ranges are the items which is timeless essentials, long lasting style that can maintain quality and versatility. It is also skim and flatter to the natural body shape and belongs to the range of smart and elegant clothes with high quality of fabrics at valuable price which can attract the new and existing customers. Qualifiers The qualifiers of the Perfect and Classic ranges are the items which are machine washable, non-iron and tumble dry friendly. Besides, the items which is return to basics such as plain, white shirts, black roll neck sweaters and jeans which can retains the existing customers . The Autograph range Order winners The order winners of The Autograph range is the unique design by the top designers which is the philosophy of Autograph to bring cutting-edge design for the customers within a selected stores which charged at a high street price but in a designer boutique environment that can attract more new customers for the unique design that only available in selected stores. Qualifiers The qualifiers of The Autograph range is the availability of collection items such as Philips Treacys collection with 18 hats and 10 bags with a variety of no more than 60 of each colour and style which can let the existing customers to have more choices in terms on style and colour of the items.. per una range Qrder winners The order winners of per una are the unique design with quality materials and latest trends which comes in limited editions. It is also comes with small numbers with no repetition in design that will attract new customers to purchase it as its design are exclusive and limited edition. Qualifiers The qualifiers of per una is the size of clothes which is from 8-18 that come in small number. This will retained the existing customers that are small in size between aged of 25-35. Besides, the design of clothes also very attention to detail. Conclusion It is vital that M S to distinguish the company order winners and qualifiers for the customers in order to target the markets and to gaining competitive advantage. Question 3 Every operation also had a range of stakeholders which may or maybe influence the operations activities. (Slack, et al., 2004, pp. 39). There are internal stakeholders such as employees and external stakeholders such as customers, society companys shareholders and so on. Operation performance objective includes the five performance objectives which are quality, speed, dependability, flexibility and cost. Perfect and Classic ranges Autograph range per una range Product range Targets on classically stylish and mature customers that with a busy lifestyle. Produce smart and elegant clothes. Targets on unique design by top designers which available in selected store. Targets on fashion conscious women in the aged of 25-35 with the size of 8-18. Inspired by latest trends. Design changes Continual changes Occasional changes Occasional changes Price Reasonable and value-for-money prices in terms of quality. The lowest price among the Autograph range and per una range. High street prices. It ranks as the second highest of price between perfect and classic range, and per una range. The highest price compared to perfect and classic range, and per una range. 10% more expensive in the Marks Spencer main range. Quality High quality that ranked number three among Autograph range and per una range. High quality High and exclusive quality. Sales volumes SKU High Medium Low Order winners The garments are timeless essentials that have long lasting style which can maintain quality and versatility. It also skim and flatter to the natural body that used high quality of fabric but in valuable price. The clothes are unique design by the top designers which is the philosophy of Autograph to bring cutting-edge design for the customers at selected stores. The clothes are charged at a high street price but in a designer boutique environment. The garments are unique design with quality materials and latest trends which comes in limited editions. No repetition in the in the design. Order qualifiers The garments are machine washable, non iron and tumble dry friendly. It also focused on basic design such as plain, white shirts, black roll neck sweaters and jeans. The availability of collection items such as Philips Treacys collection with 18 hats and 10 bags with a variety of no more than 60 of each colour and style. The size of clothes which is from 8-18 that came in small number. The design of clothes also very attention to detail. Operations priorities Dependability and quality. Basic and comfort. Cutting edge design within a unique boutique environment. Quality materials and latest trends. Conclusion It is important for Marks Spence to identify and classified their companys operation performance objectives of different ranges in order to ensure that the three sub brands will have a smooth production line in terms of which brands that different customers served by differentiate it into different product ranges. (2023words)

How effectively does Shakespeare use scene 1 Essay

‘A pair of star-crossed lovers take their life’ this immediately tells the audience the tragic fate of the ‘lovers’ mentioned in the first 6lines of the prologue. Warning the audience of the sorrow and heartbreak that the play will lead to. Shakespeare’s ‘Romeo and Juliet’ is based on the hatred between two families, the Montague’s and The Capulet’s and how their anger and passion towards each other lead to the death of a beloved child from each family. Shakespeare uses Act 1, scene1 to introduce many of the main themes that appear throughout the play, these main themes are; Disorder, fate, light and Darkness, love and passion. Using this prologue Shakespeare is able to tell the audience the entire story line without them even watching the play. The line of the prologue beginning ‘A pair of star-crossed lover†¦. ‘ tells the audience straight away of the fate of the two characters involved. This set the scene for an inevitable ending whilst warning the audience what to expect, this is also back up throughout the play because as soon as one good thing beings disasters follows closely behind. Using prologues at the beginning of his plays, Shakespeare was able to capture and engage the audience’s attention and quieten them down before any of the main characters are introduced. The takes place in the form of a sonnet, this would have contained the classic characteristics of love poetry, this would have been a very successful way to introduce the play because not only would it have captured the audience’s attention and quietened them down, but Shakespeare would have used this prologue to give the audience vital information that they would have needed to understand the rest of the play. Shakespeare would have also been able to give the audience some idea of what to expect throughout the rest of the play. This was very effective as it used tight rhythm and rhyme designed to draw the audience in. The prologue at the beginning of ‘Romeo and Juliet’ beings ‘ Two House-holds, both alike in dignity, in fair Verona (where we lay our scene)’ and continues â€Å"Whose misadventured piteous overthrows, Do with their death bury their parents strife†¦ † so in these two short lines Shakespeare has told his audience who the characters are going to be and where the play is set. ‘Romeo and Juliet’ is set in Verona, Italy. Shakespeare chose this location because in the 16th century, Italy was regarded as a beautiful country, known for it wealth and romance, using these images and scene he had created in his head Shakespeare thought Verona would be the perfect place for ‘extravagant lovers’ Verona was one of the 4 most important states in Italy. Each of these states has its own ruler; these rulers would have been very competitive, trying to gain superiority over others. Shakespeare used this key theme in the play ‘Romeo and Juliet’ in the form of the Prince. The ‘Prince’ would have ruled the state and overseen all activities that take place, this would include quarrelling and feuding between any families that live in the state. Shakespeare picked this up in his version of ‘Romeo and Juliet’ making the Prince the ruler and the Montague’s and the Capulet’s the two feuding families. Shakespeare’s ‘Romeo and Juliet’ was not a piece of William Shakespeare’s direct work; he had based all the ideas and storylines on a book he had read by Arthur Brooke, entitled ‘ The Tragic History and Romeus and Juliet’ written in 1562. The History of this particular story goes back even further, to a Greek author names Xenophon. Whilst re-writing this particular storyline Shakespeare decided he was writing the play for different reasons to the ones Brook had used. Arthur Brook wrote the poem to ‘warn young people of the dangers of physical attraction’ Shakespeare wrote his version because he was ‘more interested in considering the validity of true love’. Although Shakespeare had ‘copied’ the story from two other people he had changed it and added pieces to make it his own. For example, Marcutio, Benvolio and the nurse were not featured in Xenophon version or Arthur Brook’s version. Shakespeare had to do this because his audience would have known the original storyline and may have thought of Shakespeare as a fake, audience’s in this time period would not have ‘held back’ if they did not like the play they were being shown they would leave and cause havoc in the theatre. Not only did Shakespeare add characters, he added little parts of scenes to give the play more of an impact and reinforce the storyline. For example he added; a street fight, domestic scenes of food preparation, an incident with the musicians, Tybalt’s challenge to Romeo and the killing of Paris in Act5 scene 3. Act 1, Scene 1 opens with Capulet servants, Sampson and Gregory talking aggressively and violently in a busy market place looking for trouble, â€Å"†¦ and therefore women being the weaker vessels are ever thrust to the wall, therefore I will push Montague’s men from the wall, and thrust his maids to the wall†. The two servants them speak of the hatred and bitterness between to two families whilst discussing violent and crude images. This section also represents the high-lightered issue of violence, which occurs in different sections of the play. Not only is this section crude and vulgar, it shows how violent these men maybe towards women and man. It’s not long before a servant from the Montague family enters the scene, an argument sparks and the two ‘sides’ are soon shouting at each other. This shows the audience of the loyalty that the servants have towards their households. When the argument/ fight continue the audience are shown that everyone is willing to put their life on the line for the sake of their family name. This is also observed later on in the play when Romeo and Juliet realise for the first time they are from 2 different, arguing families. This argument prepares the audience for other quarrels and brawls further on in the play. â€Å"What, drawn and talk peace? I hate the word, As I hate hell, all Montague’s, and thee. Have at thee, coward† this particular dialogue spoken by Tybalt not only reflects the aggressiveness of his personality but tell the audience of the hate and bitterness between the two families. Shortly following these events Benvolio enters, † Part, fools! Put up you swords, you know not what you do† this shows the audience the peacekeeper in the play, the man that attempts to separate the two families and stop the brewing fight/argument. When this does not work Lord and Lady Capulet enter, followed by Lord and Lady Montague. Both the Capulet and Montague Lords want to join in the fight but are stopped by their wives, who tell them that they are too old. As the wives hold the pair back the Prince enters with his ‘men’. The Prince is seen as the figure of authority in the play; the person who controls all problems and is seen as someone who is capable of sorting out any feuding and arguments. He uses this ‘power’ in a long speech where he talks of past quarrels between the Montague’s and the Capulet’s and how it cannot continue. He does this to tell his audience that these ‘arguments’ are not a one off thing and happen regularly disrupting the people of Verona. The two families recognise the figure of authority and part, this shows the audience that the Prince is superior to all other characters. The Prince continues, † If ever you disturb our streets again, your lives shall pay the forfeit of the peace† this is the only time that the Prince is seen as a threatening figure in the play, warning all members of the Capulet and the Montague household that if ever a fight breaks out again someone will pay the price with their life. The Princes language in this section is firm but at the same time, Shakespeare makes sure his audience wont view him as a threat to any of the other characters although he is. The Prince speaks in blank verse, to show he is superior and powerful and emphasises his intelligence. All the characters understand the Princes speech, but Romeo goes on the break the rule and is later banished from Verona although Romeo himself is not present when the fighting breaks out. This separates him from the rest of the characters making him seem detached from the families feuding and willing to carry on with his life without starting trouble every time he sees a member of the Capulet household. The scene continues, the Montague’s leave with the Prince and the Capulet’s are instructed to return to their homes, Montague, Lady Montague and Benvolio are left in the market place, here a conversation takes place about Romeo and how he seems withdrawn from all goings on. Benvolio is asked to investigate into why Romeo is behaving like this and the rest of the Montague’s leave. This is the first time the audience are introduced to Romeo when he begins his conversation with Benvolio. This is where the themes of love and passion are brought into the play. † With Cupid’s arrow, she hath Dian’s wit; And in strong proof of chastity well armed, From Love’s weak childish bow she lives uncharmed† Romeo is speaking in verse to tell the audience about his love for Rosaline but Benvolio is not convinced that Romeo is actually in love, Romeo complains because the woman he claims to love will not marry nor love him back. Benvolio tells Romeo that other women will come along and he should try hard to forget about her, Romeo listens to this although really he is not convinced. Romeo uses and elaborate way of speaking â€Å"†¦ Why then, O brawling love, O loving hate, O any thing of nothing first create! † but this indicates to the audience his emotions are artificial, not coming from the heart. The audience would now know that Romeo is truly infatuated with Rosalind and that it was not just a fling or something he wasn’t taking seriously. Throughout Romeo’s long speech to Benvolio he uses many oxymorons to emphasise what he thinks he is feeling. â€Å"Loving hate† and â€Å"cold fire† are perfect examples of when Romeo confuses himself with the overwhelming emotions he claims to have. The line â€Å"love sickness,† indicates to the audience that Romeo is almost infected with love for Rosaline and this may not be such a good thing. This would be showing the audience that love can to do terrible things to normal people, confusing the mind and turning and normal life chaotic. The light and Dark imagery is shown in the speech between Benvolio and Romeo but this is not mentioned until the audience is introduced to Juliet, Juliet is seen to be the light and Rosaline is seen to be the darkness that fills and confuses Romeo’s heart. This is where Shakespeare cleverly uses imagery to represent the two female characters in Romeo’s point of view. The other themes are continued throughout the play, from when Romeo and Juliet meet to when the both die together in the chapel of rest, where Juliet’s body has been placed. The theme of love however is resisted in Act 1 scene 5, when Romeo and Juliet fall in love and know they shouldn’t. The idea of courtly love is present through most of this scene, although Romeo and Juliet are not experiences this, the theme and ides is the same. The idea of courtly love originally came from a European tradition from the middle ages but still known in Elizabethan times. This was basically a set of rules/ expectations of people who fall in love. These rules stated a number of things this included â€Å"her coldness inflames the passion. He is consumed with melancholy and makes up verses about love† this is present in Romeo and Juliet towards the end when Romeo is desperate to see Juliet and in his last hours makes up several verses to calm himself and prepare himself to meet his wife, Juliet in heaven. The idea of marriage also originated in Europe and is also present in the play, this theme is only mentioned by Capulet once, when he is talking to Paris about his arranged marriage to Juliet. Juliet was pleased and honoured to have been asked to marry Paris until she meet Romeo, this is when she began to resent the arranged marriage. Capulet tells Paris the way to win his daughters heart, the themes of love and passion, light and dark and violence are continued throughout. Shakespeare very cleverly uses Act 1 Scene 1 to introduce these theme either through the prologue, what the first characters say or the actions and imagery that are used. Shakespeare was able to take all of this into account and still produce his own version of Brooks poem â€Å"The Tragic History and Romeus and Juliet.

Synthetic Milk

Assessment of synthetic milk exposure to children of selected population in Uttar Pradesh, India Shuchi R. Bhatt1, Dr. Anita Singh2 and S. M. Bhatt3 (Abstract) The present study was carried out keeping in view the recently emerging concern of the adulteration of the natural milk with the synthetic milk. Synthetic milk is prepared by emulsifying vegetable oils with appropriate amount of detergent and urea. Samples of the natural milk with synthetic milk were analyzed for concentration of urea and detergent and their effect is assayed through survey in different population in Uttar Pradesh, India.Children’s had different range of intake of milk. Children of age group 1-5 years consumes about 50-250 mg of milk daily, while of age group 6-18 years of children consumes about 250-1000 ml milk/day and children’s of age group 19-22 consumes milk about 500-1000 ml milk /day. Addition of synthetic milk is on large scale in Meerut district of U. P. and mostly urea in such milk cre ating huge problem of headache, eyesight and diarrhea in children. Keywords: Milk adulteration; Synthetic milk, detection, urea 1.Research Scholar, Faculty of H. Sc, Sri. A. K. A. P. G. Collage Varanasi. 2. Head, Department of Food & Nutrition, Sri. Agrasen Kanya Autonomous P. G. College. Parmanandpur, Varanasi. 3. School of Biochemical Engineering, Institule of Technology B. H. U. Varanasi. Corresponding Author Email: [email  protected] co. in 1 Introduction Liquid milk is an essential nutritional food for infants as well as the aged. Adulteration of natural milk with a chemically synthesized milky liquid (synthetic milk) is a matter of serious concern.The dairy industry employs various checks these tests commonly include determination of fat and total solids by chemical or physical analyses; estimation of sediment by forcing milk through filter pads and noting the residue left; determination of Bacterial count and determination of freezing point etc. (Dean, 1985; Fox, 1992). How ever, most of these measurements are expensive and time consuming like measurement of conductance (Mebrook & Petty 2003 a and b; Willard et al 2003). Synthetic milk is an excellent imitation of natural milk.Milk fat is mimicked by vegetable oil; the nitrogen component in milk is mimicked by urea; detergents are added to make it frothy. This mixture is so expertly prepared that the specific gravity of the concocted milk is the same as natural buffalo milk. This mixture is then mixed with natural milk in varying proportions. Such milk can be processed into ‘‘value added’’ products which bring in a bigger profit. A recent Indian Council of Medical research (ICMR) report has suggested that such adulterated items have a cancerous effect on the human system and can lead to gradual impairment of the body.Milk is a complex mixture of water, lactose, fat, protein, minerals, and vitamins distributed throughout colloidal and soluble phases. Although the cow is the pri ncipal source of milk for human consumption in the United States and many other parts of the world (DePeters 1992). In India most milk is 2 obtained from the buffalo. The composition of milk from buffalo is water (82. 14%), fat (7. 44%), protein (4. 78%), lactose (4. 8%) and ash (0. 83%) (Rangappa & Achary, 1973).On average milk has optimum level of urea and other chemicals but due to habit of making huge profit there is on going malpractice of using synthetic milk in the original milk. Therefore there is need to work out regularly in different region of India to expose such malpractices and to check such malpractices adapted ignoring health concerns of people. The effect of urea on animal reproductive system has been carried out by Ropstad etal 1987. They reported that reproduction system and reproductive cycle in animals get badly affected by high concentration of urea.This work is carried out to expose and to increase the awareness among people to decline such malpractices adapte d, since it is difficult to detect such harmful adulterants in dangerous amount in household. One quick method describe in the article is to check the pH of the milk by pH paper (red turns blue) that is available freely and can’t be adjusted quickly at large scale. Material and method Survey Preschool (1-5 years) and school going (6-18 years) children in urban and rural area from different district of U. P. had been surveyed.A total of 365 household were surveyed in which 70 children’s were of age group 1-5 years, 150 children’s were of age group 6-18 years, and 145 children’s were of age group 19-22 years. Since it was household survey, the homemaker of the household was interviewed for intake of milk. The region of study selected was Varanasi, Bulandsahar, Meerut and Mathura. Thus, 365 individuals in urban area and 365 in rural area were surveyed. The milk were 3 collected from the household and tested for presence of urea and detergent. The frequency m ethod was employed for calculation.The survey includes consumption of milk/day, their effect on health such as headache, eyesight problem, and diarrhea. Also, 160 sample of the milk were collected from different local market, vendors, and stalls of Bulandsahar, Mathura, Meerut, and Varanasi. Qualitative analysis for urea detection Qualitative analysis for urea detection were done by the method describe below 1. Took 5 ml of milk in a test tube 2. Added 20 mg of Soya bean powder & 2 drops of 0. 5 % aqueous solution of Bromothymol blue. 3. Mixed the sample well. 4. The development of Blue colour after 10 min indicates the addition of urea the sample. 5.For confirmatory test was done by adding five ml of milk with 5 ml paradimethyl amino benzaldehyde (16%). If the solution turns yellow in colour, then the given sample of milk is added with urea. Quantitative analysis for urea detection A quantitative estimate of urea was carried out by preparing standard of urea and their pH variation and by utilizing Urease enzyme. For this we took 5 ml of milk in a test tube and added 0. 2 ml of urease (20 mg / ml) and centrifuged it well at room temperature. Now added 0. 1 ml of bromothymol blue solution (0. 5%). The appearance of blue colour after 10-15 min indicates the adulteration milk with urea.Urease can be obtained by adding 4 soybean slurry (source of urease prepared by soaking soybeans overnight or for 12 hours in water and grinding to prepare a slurry). (Dean J. A 1985) The OD of sample was taken in UV-Vis Spectrophotometer (ELICO double beam) at 420 nm. And pH was measured by pH meter using buffer sample set at pH 4. In the presence of urea the red litmus paper turns blue. Urea Standard Solution was prepared by following method – (a) Stock solution concentration was 5 mg / ml. Dissolved 50 gm reagent grade urea in water and dilute to 1 litre with water. b) Working solution was prepared by Pipetting 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 ml stock solution into 250 ml volumetric flask and dilute to volume with phosphate buffer. (c) Reference solution – standard solution was containing 1. 0 mg urea / 5 ml as reference standard. Figure caption Fig. 1 showing variation of pH with different concentration of urea Fig. 2 showing variation of urea and detergent in different region of Uttar Pradesh India Fig. 3 showing children affected by synthetic milk in different age group (a) Headache; (b) Eyesight ; and (c) Diarrhea. 5 Figures Urea 5 4 Urea % (w/v) 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 pH Fig. 1 showing variation of pH with different concentration of urea 60 Urban Rural % of Urea and detergent adultrants 50 40 30 20 10 0 Bulandsahar Mathura Meerut Varanasi Fig. 2 showing variation of urea and detergent in different region of Uttar Pradesh India 6 Headache 40 35 30 Urban Rural 60 50 Eye sight problem Urban Rural % of sample 25 20 15 10 5 0 1-5 6-18 19-22 % of sample 40 30 20 10 0 1-5 6-18 19-22 age group Age group (a) (b) % of children affected by problem of Diarrhea 60 50 Urban Rural % of total sample 40 30 20 10 0 1-5 6-18 19-22 Age group (c) Fig. showing children affected by synthetic milk in different age group (a) Headache; (b) Eyesight ; and (c) Diarrhea. 7 Tables Table-1 showing different constituents of milk CONSTITUENTS Water Lipid in emulion phase ( mixture of mixed triglecerides) Phospolipids ( lacithine, Cephaline, ) STEROLS carotenoids vit. A, D. E. K Protiens (Casein) B- Lactoglobulin Lactoalbumin Albumin, Psuedoglobulin etc Enzymes ( Catalase, Peroxidase, Amylase, Lipase, Protease) DESSOLVED MATERIALS Carbohydraetes Lactose Glocose ORGANIC AND INORGANIC ION & SALTS Calcium Phosphate Citrate Chloride, Sodium, Pottasium, Magnesium etc.Water soluble Vitamins Thiamin APPROX.. CONCENTRATION / LIT 860 TO 880 gms 30-50gms 0. 30 gms 0. 10 gms 25 gms 3 gms 0. 7gms 40-50 gms 50 mgs 1. 25 gms 2. 10 gms 2. 0 gms 1. 00 gms 0. 4 mg 1. 5 mg 8 Riboflavin Niacin Pyridoxin Pentothenic Acid Biotin Folic acid Chline (Total) Vit B12 inosi tol Ascorbic acid Nitrogenous material Ammonia Amino Acids Urea Creatine and Createnine Uric acid Gases Carbon dio Oxide Oxygen Nitrogen 0. 2 -1. 2 mg 0. 7mg 3. 0 mg 50 mg 1. 0 mg 150 mg 7. 0 mg 180 mg 20 gm 2-12 mg 3. 5 mg 100 mg 15 mg 7 mg Milk exposed to air 15 mg 7. mg 15 mg Copper, Iron, Rb, Trace element Li, Ba, Mn, Al, Zn, B, Co, I Occasionally Present Mc, Cr, Ag, Sn, Ti, 9 Table 2. Average Composition of milk Item Water Lactose Fat True Protein Crude Protein Casein Ash Other Average milk composition % 87. 00 4. 90 3. 70 3. 00 3. 10 2. 60 . 80 . 50 Table -3 showing average milk consumed by different age group Mean of Milk age (years) 1-5 years 6-18 years 19-22 years children consumed 70 150 145 156. 428 SD range 53. 78 50-250 500 274. 77 250-1000 800 224. 22 500-1000 10Table-4 Effect of urea on different age groups in urban area No. of Age group 1-5 years 6-18 19-22 children Headache Eye problem 70 150 145 nil 42 56 8 86 76 Digestion /diarrhea 32 86 76 normal 38 60 69 Table-5 Effect of urea on different age groups in rural area (365 samples) No. of Age group 1-5 years 6-18 19-22 children Headache Eye problem 70 150 145 nil 6 16 2 25 18 Digestion /diarrhea 16 25 18 normal 54 125 127 Table-6 Sample tested in rural area (sample tested 160) No. of sample 40 38 32 50 City >5% urea 5% urea

An Analysis of Rumis Poem Unmarked Boxes Essays - 688 Words

An Analysis of Unmarked Boxes In the poem, Unmarked Boxes, writer Jalà ¢l al-Din Mohammad Rumi uses metaphors and sound techniques to share wisdom with his readers about accepting one’s inability to change fate and about the interconnectedness of the world. Rumi begins with a sentence comprised of two, short –but striking- words: â€Å"Don’t grieve† (1). By saying this, he warns his readers not to attempt to change that which is unchangeable. He also tells his readers to not worry about this, implying that all things happen for a reason. Rumi writes, â€Å"Anything you lose comes round/ in another form† (1-2). He then uses various literary techniques, all having to do with nature, to reiterate his point. In line two, Rumi writes about â€Å"mother’s†¦show more content†¦He chooses to have these particular phrases stand out in order to help show his belief that â€Å"God’s joy† is everywhere, that through Him, everything is connected. Rumi uses re petition again in lines seven through nine, starting each line with the word: â€Å"Now.† Rumi writes, â€Å"Now it looks like a plate of rice and fish,/ Now a cliff covered with vines,/ Now a horse being saddled† (7-9). His use of repetition calls attention to these lines. By writing these lines with similar structure, Rumi displays that they are all the same and interconnected. In this poem, Rumi also uses imagery and personification. He writes: â€Å"It hides within these† (10). By personifying â€Å"It† –which is referring to â€Å"God’s love†- Rumi paints a picture in his reader’s minds. He then writes: â€Å"Part of the self leaves the body when we sleep/and changes shape† (12-13). This, while ambiguous, allows the reader to picture this image how they chose to see it. He continues to use imagery as a tool to capture the reader. He writes, â€Å"’Last night/ I was a cypress tree, a small bed of tulips,/ a field of grapevines† (12-14). This paints a clear and vivid picture in the reader’s mind. Continuing, he writes, â€Å"Then the phantasm goes away./ You’re back in the room† (14-15). In this, lines twelve through fifteen, he once again explains that everything is connected, both through â€Å"God’s love† and through nature. Then, interjected into the poem, Rumi